Blast furnace sludge (treatment of blast furnace sludge - residual material landfill)

Emissions generated by the activity within the product supply chain as described in ecoinvent v3.10. The product 'blast furnace sludge' is a solid waste under the category of industrial wastes. It is primarily generated in steelmaking process during the smelting process. 'blast furnace sludge' contain the following fractions: 100% blast furnace sludge. By the database default (and per unit of reference product) 'blast furnace sludge' has 32% water on wet mass basis (68% dry matter) and Carbon present is of only fossil origin (30.4% on a dry matter basis). It has no heating value. This kind of by-product (recyclable or waste) is generated from ordinary transforming activities and as such can be considered for modelling waste outputs of comparable composition. In the ecoinvent database treatment option/s for this by-product include: deposition (residual material landfill). Based on the aforementioned treatments this by-product receives it is a hazardous waste. In addition this by-product is used in the following processes: blast furnace sludge to market for blast furnace sludge for recovery; clinker production. This by-product can be modelled on two levels: treatment activity and market activity. The former one refers to the specific technology treating the by-product while the latter level represents a mix of treatments. Users are encouraged to inspect the modelling assumptions of the treatment activities and when selecting the market to additionally inspect the treatment mix. Collection and transportation of this by-product is accounted in the respective market activity users are advised to inspect and modify the average transportation distances for a case specific modelling. The cut-off classification is Waste. The activity type is ordinary transforming activity. The reference product amount is -1.